Rule of the British Governor and Governor Generals Modern History General Knowledge:
- After the victory of the English in Buxar, Clive was appointed the governor and commander-in-chief of the English pos sessions in Bengal.
- Warren Hastings was appointed the Gov ernor of Bengal in 1772.
- In 1773 the Regulating Act was passed which provided for the setting up of a supreme court to try all British subjects.
- Lord Wellesley is considered to be one , of the most brilliant Governor Generals of Bengal.
- He introduced the Subsidiary Alliance system to undo with the French influence and bring the Indian states within the pur view of the British power of Jurisdiction.
- Lord Minto-I (AD 1807-13) was followed by Lord Hastings who governed from 1813 to 1823.
- Marquess of Hastings (AD 1813-1823)- He was the first to appoint Indians to the highest posts of responsibility. The first vernacular newspaper Samachar Patrika published during his time.
- Lord William Bentinck (AD 1828-35)- Charter Act of 1833 was passed and he was made the first Governor General of India; Abolition of sati in 1829.
- Lord Dalhousie (AD 1848-56)- Doctrine of Lapse, The Second Burmese war The Second Anglo Sikh War, Shimla made the summer capital, First railway line was laid from Bombay to Thane, in 1853.
- Lord Canning (AD 1856-58) – Annexation of Avadh, enactment of Hindu Widow Re marriage Bill, 1857, establishment of uni versities at Calcutta, Madras and Bom bay, revolt of 1857.
Following the Queen’s recommendation in 1858, transferring the Government from the company to the British Crown, Lord Can ning was made the first Viceroy of India.
- Lord Mayo (AD 1869-72)- Organised first census which was held in 1871.
- Lord Lytton (AD 1876-80)- The Delhi Durbar, january 1, 1877 and the Vernacu lar Press Act, 1878.
- Lord Ripon (AD 1880-84) – First Factory Act of 1881. Local Self-Government was introduced in 1882. Repeat of Vernacular Press act.
- Lord Curzon (AD 1899-1905) – Famine Commission, Agriculture Research Institute at Pusa, Partition of Bengal in 1905.
- Lord Minto H (AD 1905-10)- Minto-Mor- ley Reforms in 1909. Swadeshi movement (1905-08), foundation of Muslim League (1906), Surat session and split in the con gress (1907).
Capital of country was announced to be shifted from Calcutta to Delhi.
- Lord Chelmsford (1916-21)- Government of India Act 1919 (Montague-Chelmsford Reforms), enactment of Rowlatt Act (1919) Jallianwala Bagh Tragedy (1919), begin ning of the Non-co-operation Movement.
- Lord Irwin (AD 1926-31)- Appointment of Simon commission in 1928. Gandhi- Irwin Pact in 1931; First Around Table Con ference (1930).
- Lord Willington (AD 1931-36)- The Sec ond Round Table Conference 1931, The communal award, 1932, the Poona pact, Third Round Table Conference, 1932.
- Lord Wavell (AD 1944-47)- Wavell Plan and Shimla Conference, Cabinet Mission (Lawrence, Cripps and Alexander), Direct Action Day” on August 16, 1946, Attlee’s Declaration,
- Lord Mountbatten, (March 1947-June 1948) Last Viceroy of British India and first-Governor general of free India. Par tition of India in third week of June, 1947; Indian Independence Act, Partition of the country between two independent states of India and Pakistan. He was succeeded by C. Rajagopalachari.
Some Important oilers in India (1720- 1949)
| Ruler | Period | Place | |
| 1 | Sadat Khan Burhan-ul- Mulk | 1722-39 | Awadh |
| 2 | Safdar Jung | 1739-54 | Awadh |
| 3 | Shuja-ud-daulah | 1754-75 | Awadh |
| 4 | Asaf-ud-daulah | 1775-97 | Awadh |
| 5 | WazirAli | 1797-98 | Awadh |
| 6 | Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaflah | 1724-48 | Hyderabad |
| 7 | Nasirjung | 1748-50 | Hyderabad |
| 8 | Muzaffarjung | 1750-51 | Hyderabad |
| 9 | Salabatjung | 1751-60 | Hyderabad |
| 10 | Nizam Ali | 1760-1803 | Hyderabad |
| 11 | SikandarJah | 1803-29 | Hyderabad |
| 12 | Nasir-ud-daulah | 1829-57 | Hyderabad |
| 13 | Afjal-ud-daulah | 1857-69 | Hyderabad |
| 14 | Mahabat Ali Khan | 1869-1911 | Hyderabad |
| 15 | Osman Ali Khan | 1911-49 | Hyderabad |
| 16 | Hyder Ali | 1761-82 | Mysore |
| 17 | Tipu Sultan | 1782-99 | Mysore |
| 18 | Ranjit Singh | 1792-1839 | Punjab |