The Mamluk dynasty or The Slave Dynasty (1206-1290 AD) General Knowledge:
- Qutubuddin Aibak also began the construction of Qutub Mtnar, in the honour of famous Sufi Saint Khwaja Qutubuddin Bakhityar Kaki.
- Shamsuddin litutmish was a slave of Qutubuddin Aibak.
- Ututmish stopped the Mongol attack in 1221 A.D led by Chenghiz Khan.
- Ututmish nominated his daughter Razia as the successor.
- She was the first and only Muslim lady that ever ruled in India.
- She further offended the nobles by her preference for an Abyssian slave Yakut.
- In 1240 A.D, Razia was the victim of a conspiracy and was killed near Kaithal [Haryana).
- Jalaluddin Khilji founded Khilji dynasty.
- Alauddin Khilji was the nephew and son- in-law of Jalaluddin Khilji.
- He killed Jalaluddin Khilji and took over the throne in 1296.
- He was the first Turkish Sultan of Delhi who separated religion from politics.
- He appointed Diwan-i-Riyasat and Shahna-i-Mandi to regulate the fixed price market.
- He abolished Iqtas of royal troopers and the payment of their salaries in cash.
- He constructed monuments like Alai- Darwaza and Sirifort in Delhi.
- Ghazi Malik with the name of Ghiyasuddin Tughluq became the Sultan of Delhi in 1320.
- Mohammad-bin-Tughlaq organised better postal system.
- Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq ascended the thr one in 1325.
- Firoz Shah Tughlaq established Diwan- i-Khairat [department for poor and needy people), and Diwan-l-Bundagan [department of slaves).
- Khizr Khan was the first Sultan of the Sayyed Dynasty.
- The other rulers of this dynasty were Mubarak Shah (1421-1434), Muhammad Shah (1434-1443), Alam Shah (1443-1451).
- Bahlol Lodhi (1451-88 A.D.) was an Afghan Sardar who founded the Lodhi dynasty.
- Sikandar Lodhi shifted his capital from Delhi to Agra and conquered Bihar and Western Bengal.
- Ibrahim Lodhi was the last king of Lodhi ynasty and the last Sultan of Delhi.
- At last Daulat Khan Lodhi, the governor of Punjab invited Babur to overthrow Ibrahim Lodhi, Babur accepted the offer and inflicted a crushing defeat on Ibrahim Lodhi in the first battle of Panipat in 1526.
Vijaynagar Empire (1336-1565 AD)
- The Vijayanagar Empire was a South Indian dynasty based in the Deccan on the South bank of Tungabhadra River.
- There were four dynasties ruled over Vijaynagar —Sangama Dynasty, Saluva Dynasty, Tuluva Dynasty and Aravidu Dynasty.
Bahmani Kingdom
- The Bahmani Kingdom of Deccan’s capital was Gulbarga.
- it was founded by Hasan Gangu (original name-Ismail Mukh).
- He took the tittle of Alauddin Hasan, Bahaman Shah.